Science : Earth Sciences

This Reader is the first comprehensive history of the noosphere and biosphere. With significant portions of the material appearing here in English for the first time or gathered from inaccessible sources, this Reader offers a unique reference. more...

Price: $40.95

The field of crystallization holds many challenges, with the physical and chemical complexity of the crystallization process being core to the dynamic nature of the field. Exciting advances are achieved in the areas of nanoparticle formation, product and particle design and methods of particle characterization. more...

Price: $104.00

Examines current evidence to help resolve the debate between two major hypotheses of human origins more...

Price: $43.95

Climate for the 21st century is expected to be considerably different from the present and recent past. Industrialization growth combined with the increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere and massive deforestation are well above the values over the past several decades and are expected to further grow. Air temperature is rising rapidly well as does the weather variability producing frequent extreme events. Six of the ten warmest years occurred in the 1990s. Temperatures predicted for the 21st century ranges well above the present day value. The time period of the last 100-200 years covered by the direct meteorological observations is too short and does not provide material to reliably assess what may happen over the next hundred(s) years. A faithful prediction of the future requires understanding how climate system works, i.e. to reconstruct past climate much further in the past. Borehole paleoclimatology enables climate reconstruction of the past several millennia, unlike proxy methods provides direct past temperature assessment and can well broaden the areal range to the remote regions poorly covered with meteorological observations. Considerable debates have recently focused on the causes of the present-day warming, i.e. to distinguish between the natural and anthropogenic contribution to the observed temperature increase, eventually to quantify their regional distribution. Complex interpretation of borehole data with the proxies and additional socio-economic information can hopefully help. On observed data taken in various places all over the world we demonstrate suitable examples of the interaction between the subsurface temperature response to time changes in vegetation cover, land-use (farming) and urbanization. Precise temperature-time monitoring in shallow subsurface can further provide the magnitude of the present-day warming within relatively short time intervals. As far as we know, there exists so far no book dealing entirely with the subject of th more...

Price: $195.00

This is a comprehensive introduction to current processes of urban restructuring, geographies of division and contemporary conditions within the city. Combines conceptual and empirical analyses from leading researchers in the field. more...

Price: $59.95